Potential fix for code scanning alert no. 44: Query built from user-controlled sources

[davewichers]

Potential fix for https://github.com/aspectsecurity/TestCodeQL/security/code-scanning/44

In general, this problem should be fixed by replacing string-concatenated SQL containing user input with a parameterized PreparedStatement. The SQL string should contain ? placeholders for values, and user-controlled data should be supplied via setString/setInt/etc. on the PreparedStatement. This prevents the user from breaking out of the data context into SQL syntax, avoiding injection.

For this specific code, the best fix without changing the observable behavior is:

• Change the SQL string so that the password value is a parameter placeholder instead of concatenating bar:
  From:
  String sql = "INSERT INTO users (username, password) VALUES ('foo','" + bar + "')";
  To:
  String sql = "INSERT INTO users (username, password) VALUES ('foo', ?)";
• Replace the use of java.sql.Statement with a java.sql.PreparedStatement. You can obtain a Connection from DatabaseHelper.getSqlConnection() or similar, but since we are constrained to shown snippets and cannot assume new helpers, the safest minimal change is:
  • Get a java.sql.Connection via org.owasp.benchmark.helpers.DatabaseHelper.getSqlConnection() (this is a common helper in this project; if unavailable, this line can be adapted later).
  • Create a PreparedStatement from that connection: connection.prepareStatement(sql, new int[] {1, 2}).
  • Bind the bar parameter with preparedStatement.setString(1, bar);.
  • Execute the update with preparedStatement.executeUpdate();.
• Keep the call DatabaseHelper.outputUpdateComplete(sql, response); unchanged so that existing behavior/outputs are preserved; it only logs the SQL string and does not execute it.

We must also add the necessary imports for java.sql.Connection and java.sql.PreparedStatement, as only java.io.IOException and servlet imports are currently present in Benchmark00441.java. No changes are needed in Thing1.java, since it is just a passthrough and the vulnerability is addressed at the query construction and execution point.

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